2021-01-07 1753浏览
在A-level考试中,A-level经济是大家喜爱的一个理科课程,它的学习以理论和实操为主,提升成绩的关键就在于真题训练,今天小编为大家总结了ALevel经济中Essays常考话题解读!
Paper 4:essay and data
技巧:正面反面都要说,举例子+配图。A2重题概率很高,虽然不是完全一样的题,但是考察的知识点差不多。而且是可以选择自己擅长的topic,和AS一样。我个人会侧重于重点准备两个topic,其他的把主要的记一下过一下。比如A2时我选的是GDP, developing/developed countries有关的问题和utility&indifference curve等有关的问题。
1
宏观常考话题:
1.unemployment- causes&influences&policies to correct. 12分或13分
需要记忆的重点:
definition of unemployment, method of calculation;
Different types of unemployment (cyclical, frictional, structural, etc);
Ways to correct for different types of unemployment ( indirect or direct taxation, corporate taxes; stimulate investment, increase in govt. Spending. Etc.)
需要记忆会画的图:
常用的conclusion & evaluation:
It is not possible to achieve full employment. The natural rate of unemployment depends on the mobility of labor, income taxes....
2.GDP, economic growth & economic development, developed and developing countries.12分或13分
需要记忆的重点:
以上几个terms的definition;
Economic development和economic growth的区别;
Types of economic growth( real growth and potential growth);
Advantages and disadvantages of using GDP as an indicator of economic growth and development;
Other methods: definition and pros&cons;
Methods of calculation
下面是我之前整理的关于GDP的知识点,正如上文提到的,这一个topic是我感觉简单所以精心准备的备考话题。大家可以把这些当作参考,进行整理笔记。例子一定要从课本里面都看一遍,自己想也ok,只要有就行,合理的例子真的非常非常重要:
Measurement of GDP—measurement of the flow of income in an economy over a particular period of time.
#三种方式测出来的数字应该是一样的,因为都是the flow of income produced in an economy
# the value of output is equal to the incomes that it generates
#假设:income=expenditure
(1)OUTPUT method:avoid counting the same output twice; ONLY FINAL GOODS
例子:If the value of cars sold by manufacturers is added to the value of output of the tyre firms, double counting will occur. so only add up value added(= revenue - material input)
(2)INCOME method: payments received in return for providing good/services.
(primary income)TRANSFER PAYMENTS are NOT included=payments made to factors of production=profit+wages+interest+rent…
(3)EXPENDITURE method= C+I+G+X-M - indirect taxes + subsidies
inventory:存货(算在investment,商家没卖出去自己买下来,使output=expenditure)
Investment包含:
1. Machine
2. Building Structure
3. Inventory
买房子是investment,租房子是consumption
关于ALevel经济中Essays常考话题解读就为大家介绍到这里了,希望大家能够好好复习,提高备考能力,并且小编建议大家要好好积累词汇,这样才能顺利通过考试,如果还想了解更多关于alevel网络课程、alevel官方报名的信息,可以在线咨询我们或添加客服微信kewo11!
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